Expenditures for other innovative activities includes: internal or external training for staff, for the development and / or introduction of new or significantly improved products and processes, in-house or contracted activities to place innovations on the market, including market analysis and advertising, design or for changing the shape or appearance of goods or services, other own or contracted activities such as: feasibility studies, testing, endowment, industrial engineering for the implementation of new or improved products and processes.
An Innovation is the implementation of a new or significantly improved product, process, organizational method or marketing method in business practices. Innovation should have new features or intentions to use or that provide a significant improvement over what has previously been used or sold by the enterprise. There are four types of innovations: product, process, organization, marketing.
Product innovation represents the introduction on the market of a new or significantly improved good or service, with respect to their characteristics, facility in use, components or subsystems. For example, the replacement of some raw goods with others including improved characteristics (breathable textiles, light but resistant mixtures, non-polluting plastics for the environment); introduction of new or improved components to existing product lines (ABS braking systems, GPS navigable systems in transport equipment, front / rear camera built into mobile phones, clothing fastening systems).
Process innovation corresponds to the implementation of a production process, a distribution method or a support activity, new or significantly improved. For example, the installation of new or improved manufacturing technologies, such as automatized or sensors equipment that can regulate processes; new equipment needed for new or improved products.
Organizational innovation is the implementation of a new method of organization in the business practices of the enterprise (including knowledge management), in the organization of the workplace and external relations, which was not used before the enterprise. For example, the first introduction of incentives for individual or group performance; reduction or increase in the hierarchical decision-making structure.
Marketing innovation is the implementation of a new marketing concept or marketing strategy that differs significantly from the existing marketing methods in the enterprise and has never been used before in the enterprise. For example, the use of the Internet to market one type of product is considered a marketing innovation, while the second use for another type of product is no longer an innovation.
Innovative enterprises - are enterprises that have launched new or significantly improved products (goods or services) on the market, or introduced new or significantly improved processes, or new methods of organization or marketing.